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Best Practices and Advice for Using Pupillometry to Measure Listening Effort: An Introduction for Those Who Want to Get Started
Dorothea Wendt,Matthew B. Winn,Stefanie E. Kuchinsky,Thomas Koelewijn
- , 2018, DOI: 10.1177/2331216518800869

Abstract: Within the field of hearing science, pupillometry is a widely used method for quantifying listening effort. Its use in research is growing exponentially, and many labs are (considering) applying pupillometry for the first time. Hence, there is a growing need for a methods paper on pupillometry covering topics spanning from experiment logistics and timing to data cleaning and what parameters to analyze. This article contains the basic information and considerations needed to plan, set up, and interpret a pupillometry experiment, as well as commentary about how to interpret the response. Included are practicalities like minimal system requirements for recording a pupil response and specifications for peripheral, equipment, experiment logistics and constraints, and different kinds of data processing. Additional details include participant inclusion and exclusion criteria and some methodological considerations that might not be necessary in other auditory experiments. We discuss what data should be recorded and how to monitor the data quality during recording in order to minimize artifacts. Data processing and analysis are considered as well. Finally, we share insights from the collective experience of the authors and discuss some of the challenges that still lie ahead

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Digital games and second language acquisition in Asia
Michael Thomas
Digital Culture & Education , 2011,

Abstract:

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Guest Foreword from Michael Thomas CMG QC
Michael Thomas
International Review of Law , 2012, DOI: 10.5339/irl.2012.2

Abstract: I am delighted to be invited to attend upon this launch of the International Review of Law, conceived and now delivered into the world by the College of Law of the University of Qatar under Dr. Jon Truby’s leadership. This new and most welcome contribution to global academic writing and contemporary legal criticism, should be of the greatest interest outside Qatar, if only for its provenance. The State of Qatar has become widely known and respected for its vision, its progressive outlook, and its determination to look beyond Arab culture and traditions for new ways of working with the rest of the world for the good of the region as a whole. It has made a bold commitment to engage with the accepted legal principles and processes that have served the needs of global mercantile and commercial activity so well over the last two centuries. his is demonstrated by the generous support given by His Highness the Emir to the Qatar Law Forum 2009, to be repeated in May this year, in which jurists and lawyers of great eminence are brought together in Doha to expound, explain and exchange ideas upon the importance of the rule of law, the universal key to principled and effective government, and the protection of individual freedom and dignity. One may also cite the recently established Civil and Commercial Court, served by appointed judges of international repute from many jurisdictions, that has opened its doors in Doha for dispute resolution and adjudication. I am privileged to chair the Regulatory Tribunal, an independent statuy body composed of lawyers from overseas with specialist experience in market regulation, to which incoming investors can appeal any disputes they make with Qatar Financial Centre (QFC) Institutions such as the QFC Regulatory Authority and QFC Authority In the same way, the founding of Qatar University College of Law in 2006 has shown Qatar’s determination to train future generations of Qataris to build on the best of legal precedents and thought in a unique legal market in which ideas drawn from Islamic law, civil law and common law can intermingle and blend. It is not surprising therefore to see that this new publication will be dedicated to the subject of international law, both public and private. Its laudable aim is to promote legal discourse around the world, and to promote a wider international understanding of contemporary legal issues for the common benefit. As an open access, bilingual journal, addressing topics concerning any jurisdiction, I hope it will reach a wide audience, and fulfil its aim of promoting understanding between

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On the Applicability of Post's Lattice
Michael Thomas
Computer Science , 2010,

Abstract: For decision problems P defined over Boolean circuits from a restricted set of gates, we have that P(B) AC0 many-one reduces to P(B') for all finite sets B and B' of gates such that all gates from B can be computed by circuits over gates from B'. In this paper, we show that a weaker version of this statement holds for decision problems defined over Boolean formulae, namely that P(B) NC2 many-one reduces to P(B' union {and,or}) and that P(B) NC2 many-one reduces to P(B' union {false,true}), for all finite sets B and B' of Boolean functions such that all f in B can be defined in B'.

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Peridynamic Solutions for Timoshenko Beams [PDF]
E. Thomas Moyer, Michael J. Miraglia
Engineering (ENG) , 2014, DOI: 10.4236/eng.2014.66034

Abstract:

Peridynamics is a recently developed formulation for continuum mechanics which describes material deformation using a nonlocal approach. Unlike Classical Continuum Mechanics (CCM) where the conservation equations are cast into partial differential equations, Peridynamics describes the deformation in terms of integro-differential equations. Additionally, peridynamics permits a natural length scale that is absent in CCM. This facilitates the modeling of complex material behavior and fracture which is not dependent on the numerical discretization length scale. In this paper, we develop a Peridynamic formulation for a Timoshenko beam. Full details and numerical examples are presented for both bending and axial behavior. While the development in this paper is limited to elastic, infinitesimal deformations, the approach can be extended to finite inelastic deformations.

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Dimension-Reduced Model for Deep-Water Waves [PDF]
Michael Bestehorn, Peder A. Tyvand, Thomas Michelitsch
Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics (JAMP) , 2019, DOI: 10.4236/jamp.2019.71007

Abstract: Starting from the 2D Euler equations for an incompressible potential flow, a dimension-reduced model describing deep-water surface waves is derived. Similar to the Shallow-Water case, the z-dependence of the dependent variables is found explicitly from the Laplace equation and a set of two one- dimensional equations in x for the surface velocity and the surface elevation remains. The model is nonlocal and can be formulated in conservative form, describing waves over an infinitely deep layer. Finally, numerical solutions are presented for several initial conditions. The side-band instability of Stokes waves and stable envelope solitons are obtained in agreement with other work. The conservation of the total energy is checked.

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Overview of Sugar Industry in Kenya and Prospects for Production at the Coast [PDF]
Bancy M. Mati, Michael K. Thomas
Agricultural Sciences (AS) , 2019, DOI: 10.4236/as.2019.1011108

Abstract: This paper utilized national data obtained mainly from published sources as well as information obtained from field visits, key informant interviews, reports and records in the coastal region of Kenya. It is a sector review of the sugar industry in Kenya, with special focus on opportunities for expanding production in the coastal region. Sugar, or sugarcane (Saccharum Hybrids spp.) is among the top six commercial crops grown in Kenya. The others are tea, cut flowers, vegetables, coffee and maize. Industrial sugar was introduced in Kenya in 1902 and the first processing factory opened in 1922. In the 1960s, new government policy encouraged expansion of commercial sugar production with new factories opening in western Kenya. By the mid-1970s, Kenya was a sugar exporter. But from the 1980s, the sugar sector started to decline both in production and profitability, with the country becoming a net sugar importer by the 1980s. Although the area under sugarcane has expanded over the years to cover 220,000 ha, productivity is low achieving only 55 tonnes/hectare. Meanwhile, production costs have been increasing, averaging US $1007/tonnes in 2018. Over 80 percent of the sugar is grown rainfed by smallholder farmers mostly in western Kenya using low inputs, with consequent poor productivity. The sugar sector has numerous challenges including: agronomic, technological, economic, management and policy limitations. This paper traces the main issues impacting the sugar industry in Kenya. It finds a sector in turmoil that requires significant reforms. It explores prospects of the next sugar revolution emerging from the coast. The coastal region has land available for rainfed and irrigated sugarcane, a warmer climate and possibilities to grow short-maturing cane varieties of higher sucrose concentrations. But other constraints are also inherent at the coast. These must be overcome for sugar to become a major cash crop in the region.

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Science review: Recombinant human erythropoietin in critical illness: a role beyond anemia?
Thomas Coleman, Michael Brines
Critical Care , 2004, DOI: 10.1186/cc2897

Abstract: Erythropoietin (EPO), a member of the type I cytokine superfamily, was first identified as the hormone that stimulates erythroid progenitors within the bone marrow to mature into erythrocytes. In recent years, however, many other physiologic roles for EPO have been identified. EPO is now known to be a local product of diverse cells that specifically protect cells from potential cytotoxic events (for review, see Erbayraktar and coworkers [1]). In this capacity, EPO maintains and protects tissue function, especially during metabolic stress.The behavior of the classical EPO–erythroid precursor system in serious illness is reasonably well understood. Typically, both the production of EPO and its action in the bone marrow are impaired by multiple factors (e.g. circulating EPO-suppressing proinflammatory cytokines [2]), resulting in anemia. An exception to this generalization is observed in acute renal failure, in which the systemic concentrations of EPO are transiently increased, presumably as a result of unregulated release of EPO from injured EPO-producing cells within the renal interstitium [3]. However, increases in circulating EPO following renal failure do not usually reach the minimum concentration required for effective paracrine–autocrine signaling in preclinical models (see below).The results of multiple clinical studies have shown that pharmacologic doses of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) effectively reactivate the bone marrow in critical illness to produce erythrocytes. Although blood transfusions can be avoided in rhEPO-treated patients, clinical trials to date have shown no differences in patient survival or recovery (e.g. [4,5]). In one small study performed in a multidisciplinary intensive care unit [6], however, the length of stay was a third shorter for those patients who received rhEPO.Although EPO that is produced in an autocrine–paracrine manner has been implicated in tissue protective effects in the brain, spinal cord, retina, and heart, s

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A geomorphological approach to geodiversity - its applications to geoconservation and geotourism
Michael F. Thomas
Quaestiones Geographicae , 2012, DOI: 10.2478/v10117-012-0005-9

Abstract: Geodiversity is becoming widely considered alongside biodiversity by conservation agencies and has importance for geotourism. Geomorphology has a central role in understanding geodiversity, particularly at regional and local scales. By focusing on the processes that interact at the earth's surface and how they respond to external forcing, geomorphology analyses both landscape evolution and real-time changes over different timescales. Diversity reflects the complexity of process systems and history. Connectivity and sensitivity amongst landscape elements are highly varied over space and time, leading to divergence and increasing diversity over time. By using these principles within constrained chronologies of landscape change, studies of geodiversity can become a valuable tool in ecosystem management and the delivery of ecosystem services, including sustainable geotourism.

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